Java转义HTML – 将字符串编码为HTML

String string = "www.panziye.com";

byte[] bytes = string.getBytes();

Java示例，使用HTML实体来转义字符串中的字符。编码过程将Java字符串转换为等效的HTML内容，供浏览器打印。

1.使用StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4()

StringEscapeUtils类是Apache common-text库的一部分。它接受一个原始字符串作为参数，然后使用HTML实体来转义字符。它支持所有已知的HTML 4.0实体。

请注意，撇号转义字符（’）不是合法实体，因此不受支持。

1.1. Maven依赖

要使用StringEscapeUtils，请导入最新版本的commons-text依赖。

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-text</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

1.2. 例子

现在我们使用StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4()方法如下：

String unEscapedString = "<java>public static void main(String[] args) { ... }</java>";
String escapedHTML = StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4(unEscapedString);
System.out.println(escapedHTML);  //Browser can now parse this and print

程序输出：

<java>public static void main(String[] args) { ... }</java>

2.自定义StringUtils.encodeHtml()

如果我们有某些要求需要修改库方法提供的逻辑，我们可以编写自己的方法。大多数情况下应该避免这种方法，但当出现需求时它可能会很方便。

String unEscapedString = "<java>public static void main(String[] args) { ... }</java>";
String escapedHTML = StringUtils.encodeHtml(unEscapedString);
System.out.println(escapedHTML);  //Browser can now parse this and print

StringUtils类如下。我们可以添加、修改或删除htmlEncodeChars映射中的条目来自定义编码函数的行为。

import java.util.HashMap;
public class StringUtils
{
private static final HashMap<Character, String> htmlEncodeChars = new HashMap<>();
static {
// Special characters for HTML
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0026', "&amp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u003C', "&lt;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u003E', "&gt;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0022', "&quot;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0152', "&OElig;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0153', "&oelig;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0160', "&Scaron;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0161', "&scaron;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0178', "&Yuml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u02C6', "&circ;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u02DC', "&tilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2002', "&ensp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2003', "&emsp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2009', "&thinsp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u200C', "&zwnj;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u200D', "&zwj;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u200E', "&lrm;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u200F', "&rlm;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2013', "&ndash;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2014', "&mdash;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2018', "&lsquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2019', "&rsquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u201A', "&sbquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u201C', "&ldquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u201D', "&rdquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u201E', "&bdquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2020', "&dagger;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2021', "&Dagger;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2030', "&permil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2039', "&lsaquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u203A', "&rsaquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u20AC', "&euro;");
// Character entity references for ISO 8859-1 characters
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A0', "&nbsp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A1', "&iexcl;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A2', "&cent;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A3', "&pound;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A4', "&curren;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A5', "&yen;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A6', "&brvbar;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A7', "&sect;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A8', "&uml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00A9', "&copy;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AA', "&ordf;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AB', "&laquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AC', "&not;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AD', "&shy;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AE', "&reg;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00AF', "&macr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B0', "&deg;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B1', "&plusmn;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B2', "&sup2;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B3', "&sup3;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B4', "&acute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B5', "&micro;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B6', "&para;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B7', "&middot;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B8', "&cedil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00B9', "&sup1;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BA', "&ordm;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BB', "&raquo;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BC', "&frac14;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BD', "&frac12;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BE', "&frac34;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00BF', "&iquest;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C0', "&Agrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C1', "&Aacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C2', "&Acirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C3', "&Atilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C4', "&Auml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C5', "&Aring;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C6', "&AElig;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C7', "&Ccedil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C8', "&Egrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00C9', "&Eacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CA', "&Ecirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CB', "&Euml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CC', "&Igrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CD', "&Iacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CE', "&Icirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00CF', "&Iuml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D0', "&ETH;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D1', "&Ntilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D2', "&Ograve;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D3', "&Oacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D4', "&Ocirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D5', "&Otilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D6', "&Ouml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D7', "&times;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D8', "&Oslash;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00D9', "&Ugrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DA', "&Uacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DB', "&Ucirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DC', "&Uuml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DD', "&Yacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DE', "&THORN;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00DF', "&szlig;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E0', "&agrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E1', "&aacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E2', "&acirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E3', "&atilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E4', "&auml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E5', "&aring;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E6', "&aelig;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E7', "&ccedil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E8', "&egrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00E9', "&eacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00EA', "&ecirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00EB', "&euml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00EC', "&igrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00ED', "&iacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00EE', "&icirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00EF', "&iuml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F0', "&eth;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F1', "&ntilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F2', "&ograve;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F3', "&oacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F4', "&ocirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F5', "&otilde;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F6', "&ouml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F7', "&divide;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F8', "&oslash;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00F9', "&ugrave;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FA', "&uacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FB', "&ucirc;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FC', "&uuml;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FD', "&yacute;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FE', "&thorn;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u00FF', "&yuml;");
// Mathematical, Greek and Symbolic characters for HTML
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0192', "&fnof;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0391', "&Alpha;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0392', "&Beta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0393', "&Gamma;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0394', "&Delta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0395', "&Epsilon;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0396', "&Zeta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0397', "&Eta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0398', "&Theta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u0399', "&Iota;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039A', "&Kappa;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039B', "&Lambda;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039C', "&Mu;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039D', "&Nu;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039E', "&Xi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u039F', "&Omicron;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A0', "&Pi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A1', "&Rho;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A3', "&Sigma;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A4', "&Tau;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A5', "&Upsilon;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A6', "&Phi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A7', "&Chi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A8', "&Psi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03A9', "&Omega;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B1', "&alpha;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B2', "&beta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B3', "&gamma;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B4', "&delta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B5', "&epsilon;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B6', "&zeta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B7', "&eta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B8', "&theta;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03B9', "&iota;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BA', "&kappa;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BB', "&lambda;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BC', "&mu;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BD', "&nu;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BE', "&xi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03BF', "&omicron;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C0', "&pi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C1', "&rho;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C2', "&sigmaf;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C3', "&sigma;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C4', "&tau;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C5', "&upsilon;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C6', "&phi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C7', "&chi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C8', "&psi;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03C9', "&omega;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03D1', "&thetasym;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03D2', "&upsih;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u03D6', "&piv;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2022', "&bull;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2026', "&hellip;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2032', "&prime;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2033', "&Prime;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u203E', "&oline;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2044', "&frasl;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2118', "&weierp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2111', "&image;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u211C', "&real;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2122', "&trade;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2135', "&alefsym;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2190', "&larr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2191', "&uarr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2192', "&rarr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2193', "&darr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2194', "&harr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21B5', "&crarr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21D0', "&lArr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21D1', "&uArr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21D2', "&rArr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21D3', "&dArr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u21D4', "&hArr;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2200', "&forall;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2202', "&part;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2203', "&exist;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2205', "&empty;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2207', "&nabla;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2208', "&isin;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2209', "&notin;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u220B', "&ni;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u220F', "&prod;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2211', "&sum;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2212', "&minus;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2217', "&lowast;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u221A', "&radic;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u221D', "&prop;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u221E', "&infin;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2220', "&ang;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2227', "&and;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2228', "&or;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2229', "&cap;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u222A', "&cup;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u222B', "&int;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2234', "&there4;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u223C', "&sim;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2245', "&cong;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2248', "&asymp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2260', "&ne;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2261', "&equiv;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2264', "&le;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2265', "&ge;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2282', "&sub;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2283', "&sup;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2284', "&nsub;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2286', "&sube;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2287', "&supe;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2295', "&oplus;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2297', "&otimes;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u22A5', "&perp;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u22C5', "&sdot;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2308', "&lceil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2309', "&rceil;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u230A', "&lfloor;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u230B', "&rfloor;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2329', "&lang;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u232A', "&rang;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u25CA', "&loz;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2660', "&spades;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2663', "&clubs;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2665', "&hearts;");
htmlEncodeChars.put('\u2666', "&diams;");
}
public static String encodeHtml(String source) {
return encode(source, htmlEncodeChars);
}
private static String encode(String source, HashMap<Character, String> encodingTable) {
if (null == source) {
return null;
}
if (null == encodingTable) {
return source;
}
StringBuffer  encoded_string = null;
char[]      string_to_encode_array = source.toCharArray();
int       last_match = -1;
int       difference = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < string_to_encode_array.length; i++) {
char char_to_encode = string_to_encode_array[i];
if (encodingTable.containsKey(char_to_encode)) {
if (null == encoded_string) {
encoded_string = new StringBuffer(source.length());
}
difference = i - (last_match + 1);
if (difference > 0) {
encoded_string.append(string_to_encode_array, last_match + 1, difference);
}
encoded_string.append(encodingTable.get(char_to_encode));
last_match = i;
}
}
if (null == encoded_string) {
return source;
} else {
difference = string_to_encode_array.length - (last_match + 1);
if (difference > 0) {
encoded_string.append(string_to_encode_array, last_match + 1, difference);
}
return encoded_string.toString();
}
}
}

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